Published September 28, 2025 | Version 2025.09.28
Model Open
VLBI delay models for gravitational deformation of telescopes
Contributors
Contact person:
Data collectors:
- Abbondanza, Claudio2
- Artz, Thomas3
- Clark, Thomas A.4
- de Vicente, Pablo5
- Eschelbach, Cornelia6
- Garcia Espada, Susana7
- Gipson, John8
- Greiwe, Ansgar9
- Haas, Rüdiger10
- Hedekvist, Per Olof11
- Heinz, Erik3
- Holst, Christoph3
- Jarlemark, Per11
- Kirkvik, Ann-Silje7
- Lösler, Michael6
- McCallum, Lucia12
- Negusini, Monia2
- Nothnagel, Axel Gerhard1
- Nørbech, Torbjørn7
- Plötz, Christian13
- Rieck, Carsten11
- Sarti, Pierguido2
- Spetz, Jörgen11
- Springer, Anne3
- Swinstrom, Tilda8
- Thomsen, Per14
- Vittuari, Luca15
- Zhou, Boye12
Other:
- 1.
TU Wien - 2. Istituto di Radioastronomia di Bologna
- 3. University of Bonn
- 4. Goddard Space Flight Center
- 5. Instituto Geográfico Nacional
- 6. Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences
- 7. Norwegian Mapping Authority
- 8. NVI, Inc.
- 9. Bochum University of Applied Sciences
- 10. Chalmers University of Technology
- 11. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden
- 12. University of Tasmania
- 13. Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy
- 14. Interferometrics, Inc.
- 15. University of Bologna
- 16. ETH Zurich
Description
Context
This file contains gravitational deformation information for various radio telescopes used for geodetic and astrometric VLBI. It is the extra delay introduced by deformation of the antenna given as a function of elevation.
Methodology
- The data was collected from on-site personnel and during campaings described in the related publications
- Involved persons are listed as "Contributors"
- All related publications are listed under "Related work"
Technical details
- The data is stored in fixed format ASCII
- Lines that start with "#" are comments and can be ignored
- For each antenna the general format is:
- # ANTENNA NUM_PTS SCALE (name of the antenna, number of points, optional scaling factor which converts the delay into ps (i.e., if scale is 3.336 than the raw values are in mm))
- # EPOCH YYYYMMDD YYYYMMDD beginning and ending epoch of model (this line is optional)
- # el1 delay1 (excess delay as a function of elevation, scale factor converts this to ps)
- # el2 delay2
Further details
- version 2025.09.28 includes following VLBI telescopes:
- EFLSBERG (Artz et al., 2014, J Geod)
- GILCREEK (Clark and Thomsen, 1988)
- HOBART26 (Lösler et al., 2025, EPS)
- KOKEE
- MEDICINA (Sarti et al., 2009, J Geod)
- NOTO (Sarti et al., 2010, Ann Geophys)
- NYALES20 (Hedekvist et al., 2025, EVGA pp. 100-105)
- ONSALA60 (Nothnagel et al., 2019, J Geod)
- ONSA13NE (Lösler et al., 2019, J Geod)
- ONSA13SW (Lösler et al., 2019, J Geod)
- WETTZELL
- WETTZ13S
- WETTZ13N
- YEBES40M (Nothnagel et al., 2014, IVS GM)